The name Indonesia
has its roots in two Greek words: "Indos" meaning
Indian and "Nesos" which means islands. It is
an appropriate description of the archipelago as there are
estimated to be a total of 17,508 islands, of which only
about 6,000 are inhabited, stretching for 5,150 km between
the Australian and Asian continental mainlands and dividing
the Pacific and Indian Oceans at the Equator.
Five main islands and 30 smaller archipelagoes are home
to the majority of the population. The main islands are
Sumatra (473,6O6 sq.km), Kalimantan 1539,400 sq.km), Sulawesi
l 189,216 sq. km), Irian Jaya (421,981 sq. km), and last
but not leastJava (132,187 sq.km), home to 70 percent of
the country's population. Indonesia shares Irian Jaya with
Papua New Guinea and two thirds of the island of Kalimantan
with Malaysia and Borneo.
The islands and people of Indonesia constitute the fourth
most populated nation in the world. As a democratic republic,
Indonesia is divided into 27 provinces and special territories
and classified geographically into four groups. First are
the Greater Sundas, made up of the larger islands of Sumatra,
Java, Kalimantan and Sulawesi.
Second are the Lesser Sundas, consisting of smaller islands
from Bali eastward to Timor. Third is Maluku which includes
all the islands between Irian Jaya and Sulawesi. The fourth
and final group is lrian Jaya in the extreme eastern part
of the country.
The island of Bali
has long been characterized in the West as the last "paradise"
on earth a traditional society insulated from the modern
world and its vicissitudes, whose inhabitants are endowed
with exceptional artistic talents and consecrate a considerable
amount of time and wealth staging sumptuous ceremonies for
their own pleasure and that of their gods - now also for
t1me delectation of foreign visitors.
This image is due in
large part of course to the positive effect Bali's manifold
charms have on visitors, but we should recognize that it
is also the result of certain- romantic Western notions
about what constitutes a "tropical island paradise"
in the first place. Moreover, we need to understand that
Bali's development into a popular tourist destination has
been the result of specific actions and decisions on the
part of governing authorities.
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